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J. A. BECHEM.

. APPARATUS POR HEATING BUILDINGS. v No. 256,952. Patented Apr.25, 1882.

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APPARATUS POR HEATING BUILDINGS. No. 256,952. Patented Apr. 25, 1882.

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. APPARATUS POR HEATING BUILDINGS. No. 256,952. Patented Apr. 25, 1882.

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' UivrTnn STATES PATENT Ormea.

JULUS ADOLPH BECHEM, OF HAGEN, VESTFHALEA, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CARL JOHANN DIEDRICHWILHELM POST, OF SAME PLACE.

vAPPARATUS FOR HEATING BUlLDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming pere of Lettere Patent Ne. 256,952, dated April 25, 1882.

'I Appneetien nieu Merch 3, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Beitknown thatI,JULIUsADoLPH BECHEM, a subject of the King of Prussia and German Emperor, residing at Hagen, in the Province of Westphalia and German Empire, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Heating Buildings, of which the following is a specification. i

My invention relatesto improvements in ap- 1o paratus for heating buildings in which steam is generated at a common source, and thence is distributed throughout the building and conducted to the rooms to be heated by means of steam-conduits; and the objects of my improvements are, first, to provide automatically a continuously equal pressure for the steam generated at the common source and contained in the said steam-conduits. by combining said source with a self-acting device for regulating zo said pressure; second, to afford facilities for the proper generation of steam in the apparatus when using coke for fuel, and for applying hi gh-pressure steamin generating steam within the apparatus when dispensing with the coke; and, third, to provide means for calling the attending servant in case of the boiler running short of water. I attain these objects by the apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichv Figure l is a view of the entire apparatus; Fig. 2, a top view ofthe same; Fig. 3, a vertical section of the apparatus on the line fr, Fig. l; Fig. 4, a horizontal sectional view of the same.; and Figs. 5,6, and 7 are detailed 3 5 views of the regulator for regulating the pressure in the boiler.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

I preferably arrange the generator in the 4o basement of the building to be heated. Said generator consists of an upright boiler, A, of cylindrical form, having a concentric funnel, B, extending throughout the entire length of said boiler, and serving for the reception of fuel, 4 5 which falls down through it upon a grate composed of wrought-iron sharp-edged lire-bars pivoted underneath the boiler A in any suitable manner, Said funnel B, at its upper end, is closed by means of a removable cover-plate, M, the latter shutting up the funnel B entirely 5o air-tight, it being provided with ground faces and` an intermediate packing of any convenient form and material.

D is the retube, arranged a short distance above the bottom of boiler A. 55

The brick wall E, in order to insure more perfect radiation, is provided with an air-case, E', and is so constructed as to leave an intermediate space, L, between the said wall E and the boiler A, said space L, nea-r the bot- 6o tom of wall44 E, connecting with the ue at a point opposite to the nre-tube D.

The ash-hole F connects with the air-conduit H,which is made to be shut off by means of a disk-valve, G, applied to the pressureregulator J, constructed and operating as will be hereinafter described.

N is the Stoke-hole, which, like the ash-hole F, is constructed so as to allow of its being closed in an airtight manner by means of a 7o door with ground face. The stoke-hole-door n is coupled to the ash-hole door fby means of a connecting-rod, a, pivoted to their respective latches a a, torthe purpose hereinafter specified.

O is a vertical pip, open at either end, and provided nearits top with asat'ety-valve. (Not shown in the drawings.) Said pipe O extends into the boiler A, and is inserted in the cover of the latter so as to form a steam-tight con- 8o nection with the same. v

B is the water-gage, of the usual form, and S the alarm-pipe, provided near its upper end with a steam-whistle ofanylrnown form. Y (Not shown in the drawings.) i

T is a high-pressure steam-conduit running through the lower part of the water-space of the boiler A. Said conduit T serves to heat the water,and thus generate steam within the boiler A, by means of steam obtained from any 9o suitable outside source. Thepipe T is bent so as to offer a large heating-surface, and is educted from the boiler at a point nearly op posite to its point ot' entrance, said pipe T being provided near its outlet end with any convenient means for allowing the condensed water to ow off. Steam can be prevented from entering the bent part of the said conduit-pipe T, inclosed in the water-space of the boiler A, by closing the throttle-valve G, which is operated upon by means of levers of, connecting with the pressure-regulator J, hereinafter described.

J is the pressure-regulator. The same consists of a Iixed pipe, x, open at its lower end, connecting with the boiler A by means of a common steam-conduit pipe, w. Said fixed pipe is inserted in another pipe, y, open at its top,said pipe y being made to slide up and down on the pipe fr. The outeror sliding pipe, y, is suspended at one end ot' an adjustable weighted lever, z, in any convenient manner, and is connected to the valves G and G', regulating the pressure of steam by controlling the means for producing such steam within the vboiler A. The pipe y is partially filled with mercury, so that air is prevented from entering the pipe x in any of the positions of the latter.

nel B has been filled with coke it is closed by fastening the cover-plate M, whereupon the re is lighted and the coupled doors ofF and N are closed. The weighted lever z, having been so adjusted as to leave openathe inlet of the air-conduit H when there is no steam (or respectively but therequired quantity of steam) in the boiler A, allows of a lively combustion of the fuel on the grate B, and consequently of a quick generation of steam within the boiler; but as soon as said steam exceeds the required pressure it will depress the pipe y, owing to its action upon the mercury in the latter and to the adjusting of the weighted lever z, and thereby shut off the air from entering the conduit H, the valve Gr having closed the inlet of the latter. As a consequence, the combustion ot' the fuel will abate and less steam will be generated than before, which causes the pipe y to rise and the -valve G to set free again the inlet of air-conduit H, causing thereby a renewed intense combustion of fuel and vivid generation of steam until the latter exceeds its stipulated pressure again, whereupon the former operation is repeated. The same action of the pressure-regulator J takes place with reference to the hi gh-pressure steamconduit T, shuttingoff the heating-steam from the heating part of said conduitby closing the throttle-valve G when the steam in the boiler A exceeds its normal pressure, and opening said valve G when the pressure has abated sufficiently, all of which is well understood and need not further be described.

The door of the ash-hole F is coupled to the door of Stoke-hole N, as hereinbefore described. The object of such coupling is in cleaning the said ash-hole F to prevent the combustion from becoming more intense, owing to the draft caused by opening the ash-hole door, such draft being compensated by the cold air en-` tering the Stoke-hole, the door of the latter always opening simultaneously with the ash-hole door by means of the coupling-rod a, connect-V ing the respective latches of the said doors. Consequently the air causing the combustion ot' the fuel can enter through the air-conduit H only, the quantity of such air being regulated Vby means of the pressure-regulator J strictly vin accordance with the steam consumed in the boiler A, as above described.

The open vertical VYpipe O is applied'to eX- clude all danger from explosion 5 but in order to prevent the steam in the boiler from blowing oft', said pipe O, at its end, may be provided with a safety-valve opening at a fixed maximum pressure.

The products of combustion from the grate B enter the fire-tube D, and thence pass into the space L, as indicated by the arrows, entering the flues at a point opposite to the fire-tube D, said arrangement of fire-tube D and space L insuring a most perfect distribution of heat around the boiler A. The steam from the latter, by means of the steam-conduit, may be con- The operation is as follows: After the funducted to the highest part of the building to be heated, and thence be distributed within the latter by means of branches in the usual manner. The condensed water from the steamconduits may be returned into the boiler A by means of suitable conduits of any known form and construction. I-t is evident that with this arrangement the boiler A requires but very seldom-say once a weekto be fed with fresh water, as of the latter that part only evaporating in the heated rooms is necessarily lost. The waste of fuel will be the least possible, the same being regulated just exactlyin proportion to the consumption of heat required. It is therefore not necessary to employ an engineer to attend to the operation of my improved apparatus, said operation being provided for entirely in an automatic manner and with perfect safety. Consequently the apparatus may be attended to by any servant of the household, the latter being aroused in the event of the neglect to feed the boiler with fresh water at the proper time by the sounding of the whistle of the pipe S.

Having thus described my said invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In steam-heating apparatus, the combination of the coupled doors n and f, for closing and opening simultaneously the Stoke-hole N and ash-hole F, the air-conduit Il, regulator J, and steam-pipe x', for the purpose of maintaining a uniform pressure of steam within the boiler A, substantially as herein set forth.

2. In combination, the coupled doors fand a, air-conduit H, regulator J, steam-pipe x', fire-tubeD,andintermediatespace,L,arranged between the boiler A and the wall E, provided with air-case E', as set forthi IOO IIO

IIS.

3. The combination, with the boiler of a to this specification in the pi'esenoe of two substeam heating device, of the regulator J and scribing witnesses. the high-pressure steam-conduit: T, having the JULIUS ADOLPH BEOHEM. valve G, connected by the lever o to the regu- 5 lator J, substantially as and for the purpose Witnesses:

specified. CARL FERI,

1n testimony whereof I have signed my name EDUAR-D KNEISEL. 

